Eorging machine



April 17, 1928. 1,666,287

F. A. HALLECK FORGING MACHINE Filed May2, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l April17, 1928.

1,666,287 F. A. HALLECK FORGING' MACHINE Filed May 2, 1919 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 17,1928.

steam UNITED" STATES PATENT arr es.

f FRANK n. nausea, or on: ran-K, 'ILLINoIs,"Assienoaro simtrvanMACHINERY con rary, A ooaronarron oF M ssAeHnsETTs.

rename MACHINE.

Applleationnled May 2,

This in vention'relates to forgingmachines and more particularly thoughnot exclusively iothat type of forging maehine used for sharpening drillsteels and other tools and implements.

One object of the present invention is to provide an improved forgingmachine. Another object to provide an improved forging machine whereinall the necessary operating tools are conveniently mounted on a singlebase and are so arranged and operated that an operator may easily work asteel or other instrument to the required shape. Still another object ofthe present invention is to provide an improved constructionwherein allthe parts are easily accessible and operable and such that allmovingparts are an tom :itically lubricated. .Tliese and Ollie-1 0bjectand advantages of my improved con struction will, however, hereinafterfully appear.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 have shown for purposes ofillustrationone embodiment whichmy invention may assume in practice. 1

In these" drawings,-'

Fig; 1' is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved forgingmachine,parts therer of being shown in side elevation. Fig.2 is a frontelevation thereof.

Fig. 3 isa plan view thereof.

Fig. l is a detail side elevat'on of a part of the n'iechanisi'n asindicated -it--4; Fig.

Fig. 5 is a detail side elevationtaken sub s'tzmtially as indicated at5- -5 Fig; 2.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional viewof the side swaging hammer, partsthereof being shown in side elevation. 1 i

Fig. 7 is a detail rear elevation of. a part of my improved mechanismsubstantially as indicated by line 7*? Fig. 1, parts of :the mechanismbeing removed to facilitate the illustration. it

In this illustrative construction, I have shown. a hollow base 1carrying adjacent one side thereof a side swaging tool 2 having astriking pin 2', the latter being adapted to strike the upper of twoswaging blocks 3, 1. To eliminate in so far as possible projectingmen'ihers, I preferably pass the inlet pipe 5 from the upper end ofthetool through a supporting arm 6 into the hollow interior of the base1,'the fluid flow from this plpe being controlled by a 'cut-off valve,not

more

by .the line 1919'; Serial no. 294,268.

shown, the latter bein venientlyloeated lever 5.

The'pnenmatictool may be'of any type des1red but for' purposes ofillustration,v

there is shown onlythe inlet 5 and the exhaust passage 6, the latterhaving communication with the forward end of the cylinderthroughanexhaust port-.7. The ex haust passage preferably. communicates with thehollow interior of the base through a passageway 8 formed in thesupporting arm 6, this passage also having a port 9 through whichexhaustfluid is delivered to the work to blow the scale and dust therefrom. Theupper die block 3 is preferably formed separate from the striking pin'Qand is preferably normally held inan elevated p0 sition freefrom theWork or the lower die block i by aplnrality of springs 10, the innerends of which are bent inwardly and projected into oppositely disposedholes 1-1 in this. die block, the opposite ends of the spungsbeing, inthe formushown herein, coiled about a shaft 12. and attached thereto asby having theends thereof inserted into hol sin the shaft 12. A. springtension con trolling [handlcfltl is also attachedto'the shaft 12 as by apin 14,. this handle carrying also a transversely projecting lug 15which may be caughtnnder :1 lug 16 attached to the supporting arm 6 inwhich the shaft 12 is rotatably .mounted. If it is desired to change orinspect the upper die block, the springs may be freed LE-110.111 the"same by depressing the handle 1'13 and moving the latter to the rightto free the lug 15 from the lug 16 when thehandle 13 may be elevated todecrease the sprii'ig tension and permit an 'easywithdrawal of the bentends of the springs from the holes 11 in the opposite faces ofthediebloclr 3. When it is desired to replace the die block 3, the same isinserted into its guide in the arm 6, the ends; of the springs areinserted infthe holes 11, the lever 13 is depressed andmovedtransversely of the supporting armuntil the lugs engage to hold thesprings under tension. In. my preferred form of construction, thetension of the springs is sufficicnt to retain not only the movable dieblock, butalso the piston and striking pin in an elevated posi tion.

I also provide an improved means for detachably securing the lower dieblock 4: on

0 controlled by a con- 7 Hill the base 1 and for this purpose I providean anvil block 17 detachably secured in a suitable recess 17' of thebase by a bolt 18 passing through an upper face of the base and having ahead 19 formed thereon and seated in a socket 20 in the upper faceof'the anvil, the lower end of this bolt carrying an adjusting nut 21which receives the thrust of one end of a coiled spring 22 abuttingagainst the base 1 and compressed between it and the nut 21 on the bolt.The lower part of the fixed die block lhas a dovetail section 23securely held between a mating dovetail section ofthe anvil. block, apart 24 of which is formed integral with the block, the remainder 25being separate from the block and being clamped thereto by a bolt 26 andbeing held in correct position by a pin 27 preferably formed integralwith the clamping member 25 and projecting into a hole formed in thecasting or base 1. By this improved construction any wear of the anvilblock incident to the operation of the swaging hammer is automaticallytaken up by the spring 22 and the tension ofthe latter is easily variedby movement of the adjusting nut 21 to which access may be hadthrough'an opening 22 in the front face of the base 1. The lower dieblock' may be easily changed by freeing the clamping member 25 through amovement of the retaining nut or bolt 26 or if the lower die block wearsthrough the operation of the swaging hammer this wear may be easilytaken up by a tightening of the bolt 26.

It should be noted that by this improved construction of the swagingmembers, all parts thereof are simply and easily con? st-ructed, thatthe parts are easily disassembled for inspection or repair, that theseparts are automatically held in their proper operative positions, andthat an adjustment of the parts is easily-made from the exterior of theforging machine.

I also provide in my improved forging device a work clamping means shownherein as comprising a fixed jaw 28' on a cross head 28 extendingsubstantially across the machine and a movable jaw 29' shown herein asmounted on a cross head 29 of similar ating member 34. The link 33 ispreferably pivoted as shown at 35 to the first link intermediate theends thereof and tothe base 1 of the forging machine as shown at 36, thelink 33 being preferably recessed as shown be substantially inalinement.

at 37 to receive the pivot 32 in order that when the reciprocatingmember 34: is moved to the right, the pivots 31, 35, and 36 may Sincethe greatest force is exerted by a toggle mechanism of this character atthe moment when the pivot 35 is crossing a line joining the pivots 31and 36, the construction above described permits the utilizing of themaximum force of the toggle for gripping a steel or other" instrumentbetwen the two' vise jaws and it should be noted that because the pivot36 is placed above the pivot 32 thereby lengthening the link 33, themaximum efiiciency is obtained through the use of this relatively longlink.

The reciprocating element 34: which actuates the toggle mechanismdirectly may be actuated by any means desired, but in the formshownherein, I provide two opposite pistons 33, 39 having oppositelydisposed pressure surfaces 10 and 41, the pressure surface 10 beingalways subject to fluid pres sure in the cylinder 42 to which pressurefluid is conducted by pipe line 43. Pressure fluid is only admitted tothe larger cylinder -14 to act on the larger piston head 41 to move thereciprocating member 34 to the right against a pressure exerted on thesurface 40, when it is desired to clamp a steel between the jaws. Theflow of pressure fluid to the cylinder 44 and to the cylinder 53 iscontrolled by a valve l'llGCllttl'llSl'll l5,'the valve mechanism havingcommunication with the cylinder 44 through a port 46 and, beingcontrolled by any suitable means such as lever 47. The exhaust from thevalve chest 45 may, if desired, be direct ed into the atmosphere but Ipreferably direct this exhaustas through a passageway -18 (see Fig. 7)into the hollow interior of the base and also through suitablepassageways 4:9, 50, and 51 to recesses 52 surrounding the standards 30in order that the standards may be automatically lubricated by thehibricant carried by the pressure fluid. From the foregoing, it will beobvious that when the lever 17 is depressed pressure fluid will flowinto the large cylinder 44: to operate the toggle mechanism and thatthrough the improved construction of the toggle mechanlsm, a maximumforce will be delivered to the upper cross head 29. f

The upsetting mechanism for upsetting the end of a tool held between thev se j aws is shown herein as having a cylinder 53 to which pressurefluid is conducted through a pipe 54, the exhaust from this cylinderpreferably being conducted by an exhaust passage 55 to the interior ofthe base 1. Reci-procatively mounted within this cylinder 53 is a piston56 adapted to strike a striking pin 57 and force the latter against adoll 58, the latter being held in a proper positioii by a dolly guide,the uppersection or cover til) 5.9 of which is preferably adjustable inpostriking pin, the guide having also a reinforcing. Web61 herein'shownasextending along the sides and front thereof. During the operation ofthe upsetting member, this guide is preferably held inoperative positionas shown in]? 1 by resilient mechanism carried by the movable cross head29, this mechanisn'i in the form shown herein comprising a bolt 62having on one end thereof a head 63 so formed as to receive a portion ofthe reinforcing flange 61,. anda spring 64 abutting against this headand a boss 65 carried by the cross head. When the uppercross head iselevated, the head 63 is moved out of contact with the cover 59 asufficient distance to permit the swinging of the cover onits pivot 60,but when the cover is swung downward. to properly guide the dolly andthe cross head is lowered into its lowest aosition, the head 63 enga esthe cover and retains the latter in its proper operating position.

The exhaust pressure fluid from the upsetting hammer and the largercylinder 44 passes into a large chamber 66 from which the oil ladenexhaust fluid is distributed through a plurality of ports 67, 68, 69 todifferent parts such as the toggle mechanism and the mechanism forholding the anvil block in place to lubricate these parts. To preventthe greater part of the lubricant from flowing to but one of theseparts, such as to the toggle mechanism through the pas sage 67, a boss67 is provided which terms the sump in the lower par-tot the chamber 66to catch the surplus oil which would otherwise drain to this passageway,As will be apparent, during the inoperative periods of the forgingmachine or when the swaging *hammer alone is being used, any oil whichhas collected in this sump will slowly evaporate and will be distributedthroughout the base and the parts in communication therewith tolubricate these parts, prevent their rusting, and keep them 1n goodworking order. 1

In the operation of thetorgmg machine on hollow tools such as hollowdrill steels,

it is often necessary to enlarge the hollow opening 1n the end of thesteel whlchmay become partially closed through the opera tion ottheupsetting and swaging hammers having a piston therein, not shown,adapted upon itsforward strokes to actuate the pin 71, the pinaccordingly being driven into a hole in a. hollow steel by a rapidseries of blows. As this pm or punch tends to stick in the end of thetool (hiring the pinning.

operation, 1 preferably provide a means for retaining the pm hioperative relation to the pinning tool and, as is best shoi'vn in.

Figs. 2, 3', and 1;,- this, retaining means has a yoke 72 whichstraddles the pin-and is engageable with atormed thereon to prevent theremoval of the pin, this'yoke being preferably pivotally connected as'bya pivot '73 to a. forwardly projectingportion 74 of a plate 75 fastenedas by bolts 76 to the cross head 28. During the pinning operation, itthe pin should stick in the bore of the tool, thelatter may be jerkedrearwardly to free the pin "from the tool, but the pin will'not. therebybe re moved from the pinning tool. However, it it is desired to replacethe tool, the yoke maybe sprung upward out of the way and the pin may beeasily withdrawn.

In the operation of modern forging niachines, and especially of thoseadapted to .it'orge drilling steels, it is necessaryto vary the gage ofthe steel and for this purpose, 1 provide avariable gaging meanscomprising cooperating elements 77, 78 carried by the movable and fixederossqheads respectivel y. The gaging element 77, whose transversecurvature may be readily observed from Fig. 2, preferably fixed in themovable cross head, and the gaging element 78 whose gaging portionproper is invisible, is n'eferably adjustable, and is held in itsadjusted positions by means of aplate 79. By adjusting the relativeposition of the gag ing element 78 with reterencetothe gaging element77, it is possible to thereby vary the gage ot a tool which may befinishedbetween these gaging elements. The general structure of thismechanism is disclosed in my co-pending application -SG1. No. 179,952,

collar or projection 7].

filed. July 11, 1917, andnow Patent No.

to gripa tool when, it is desired to perform operations on the tool byhand orby other instrument than those mounted on the forg ing machine.the very ends 82 of these vise jaws being formed as shearing elements tocut otter remove portions of stock.

In order to facilitate the cleansing of the dies and the different partsof the lorging machine, I provide also a flexible tube 85 or ill havinga nozzle 84: formed on one end thereof the opposite end of the tubebeing preferably attached to the inlet side of the valve box so thatfluid pressure is constantly supplied to this tube. Inasmuch as the operator performs all the operations on the forging machine while standingat the front end thereof, l preferably provide a means for retaining thenozzle 8% adjacent the front end of the forging machine, this means inthe present embodiment of my invent ion conr 'irising a yolreSSfastenedon the top of the swaging hamn'ier a The fluid presin'e utilizedthroughout the forging machine is admitted to the di'tli'erentmechanisms from an inlet pipe 86, the pressure fluid being preteral'ilysupplied with the proper amount of lubricant by a lub 'icating device87, before the pressure fluid flows to any of the working parts of theforging machine.

It will thus be seen that l have provided a relatively light, compact, rd small forging machine which performs all the ope; tions necessary forthe fo ging]; of hollow solid tools, and that the opeating mecha nismsand the tools therefor are so locate: that the operator can perform allthe requ'ired operations while standing in practically one position infront of lhe forging machine. it will further be noted that all theparts of the forging machine are readily accessible for inspection orrepair, that the parts are easily disassen'ibled, and that all the partsare automatically retained in adjusted position. it will further benoted that all moving parts" are amply and automatically lubricated andthat it is only necessary for the operator to keep the oiling mechanismsupplied with lubricant to insure the parts against rusting or otherdeterioration when the machine is left idle.

lVhile I have in this application specifically described one embodimentwhich my invention may assume in practice it is to be understood thatthis form is used for illustrative purposes only and that the inventionmay he modified and embodied in *arious other forms without departingfrom its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: p

i. In a forging machine. a lOOlpfi. vmovablt-i die operated thereby, ananvil die disposed in alinement with the path of movement of said otherdie, and means for normally insuring that the first mentioned die willtake a given position with respect to the anvil die including means forexerting a force on said first mentioned die and means cooperatingtherewith for varying the force exerted by said force exerting meansupon said first mentioned die.

2. In a forging machine, a die, actuating mechanism therefor separatetherefrom, a

cooperating die, said dies being adapted to effect a forging operationwhile having a substantially in'imovable relation, means for normallymaintainingsaid first die in a 'ven position including means exerting aforce thereon, and means for varying the force exerted on said die bysaid first mentioned means while all of said elements haveanormaloperative relation.

3. In a forging machine, a die and actuating mechanism therefor, 21cooperating die, said dies being adapted to effect a forging operationwhile having a substantially imlllOYillJlC relation, means forautomatically exerting a mentioned die force on said first for returningsaid die to a given'position, and means normally manually operableadapted to cooperate therewith for varying theforce exerted by saidother means upon said die.

t. in a forging machine, a die, actuating means therefor. a cooperatingfixed anvil die, resilient means for returning said first mentioned dieto a given position after it has been moved away from such position, andmanual means for controlling said resilient means cooperating directlytherewith.

In a forging machine, a tool of the hammer type, a movable die operatedthereby, an anvil die disposed in alinement with the path of movement ofsaid other die, means for exerting a force on said first mentioned diefor normally maintaining the first mentioned die in spaced relation tosaid anvil die, whereby a work piece may be inserted between them, andmeans cooperating with said first mentioned means for varying the forcewhichsaid first mentioned means exerts upon said first mentioned die.

6. In a forging machine, a tool, adie operated thereby, an anvil die,said dies being adapted to have a substantially fixed relation to eachother during a forging operation, detachable means for exerting force onsaid first mentioned die for normally returning the first mentioned dieto a given position with respect to the anvil die, and means cooperatingtherewith for varying the force exerted by said first mentioned meansupon said first mentioned die. a

7. In a forging machine, a tool, a movable die opera-ted thereby, ananvil die disposed in alinement with the path of movement of said otherdie, detachable means for exerting a force on said first mentioned diefor normally automatically maintaining the first n'ientioned die inpredeteri'nined space relation to said anvil die. whereby a work piecemay be inserted between then-'1, and means cooperating therewith forvarying the force exerted by said first mentioned means upon said firstmentioned die.

8. In a forging machine, a tool, a movable die operated thereby, ananvil die disposed in alinement with the path of movediein spacedrelation to said'anvil die,

whereby a- Work piece may be inserted between them, and meansfor-varying the force which said first mentioned means exerts upon saidfirst mentioned die, said lastmentioned means being operable to relievethe force exerted by said first mentioned means to facilitate detachingthe lattertroin the die.

9. In a forging machine, a tool, a die operated thereby, an anvil die,spring means for normally automatically n'iaintaining the firstmentioned die in predetermined spaced relation to said anvil die,whereby a Work piece may be inserted between them, and manually operablemeans cooperating there with for varying the force exerted by saidspring means upon said first mentioned die. 10. In a forging machine,an. anvil die, a tool, a die operated thereby, a plurality of means forexerting a "force on said last mentioned die for normally automaticallyre. taining said last mentioned die in predetermined spaced positionrelative to said anvil die, and a single manually operable means forvaryingthe force exerted by said plurality of retaining means, saidmanually operable means having only a single operative connection tosaid retaining means.

'11. In a forging machine, a fixed anvil die, a tool, a die operated bysaid tool, a plurality of springs under compression for nor- F mallyretaining said second mentioned die in spaced. relation. to said anvildie, and. a single manually operable means for relieving the compressiontowhich saidsprings are subjected whereby said second mentioned die mayapproach said anvil die.

12. In a forging machine, a tool, a die operated thereby,,a cooperatingfixed anvil die, resilient means for normally retaining said firstmentioned die in one position, and a single means releasably maintainingthe resilient means in postion to retain said die in such position.

13. In a forging machine, a die, 'a cooperating fixed anvil die,resilient means for normally retaining said first mentioned. die in asingle position, and manual means for releasably maintaining saidresilient means in position to retain said die in such position.

14. In a forging machine, a die, resilient means disposed on the sidethereof for normally retaining the same in a given position, and amanually operable lever associated with said resilient means adapted torelease said die from the influence of said resilient means.

15. Inv a forging machine, a die, a cooperating fixed anvil die,resilient means for automatically returning said first mentioned die toa single position during operation thereonfand manual means associated-With znnl adapted to release I said resilient means to tree said firstmentioned die'from its control. J e

T6. In a forgingnnachine, a die, a cooijierating iixed anvil die,amanually opere able member, HlltllGSlllBIlh means connected to said dieand member and normally tending to hold said die in one position during.

operation therco'l but movable to release the same therefrom i I il7.-In a to ng machine, a member, supporting meanstherefor, andyield-able means normally tending to hold said member in a single rsition and adapted to yieldably force flflliflllltil'llllel toareleasedposition;

1.8. in a fmging machine, a member, and n'ianually controlledv yieldablemeans normally tending to hold said member in a single position andadapted to yieldably force said member to areleased position, saiuIHOEtllfincluding a laterally and longiludinall y movable lever.

it). In a i'orging machine, a die member, a. cooperating fixed die, andmanually controlled yieldable means tending to hold said member in asingle position during operation thereot, said means including manual20. in a forging machine, a die member, yieldahle n'ieans tending tohold said member in .a sii'igle position during operatioir thereof, anda manually operable pivoted lever adapted to tension said yieldablemeans. i i

21. .ln a forging machine, a perforated base, an anvil block thereon, atension member connected at one end to said block and disposed with itsaxis perpendicular to the Work supporting face of said block atsubstantially the center thereof, and passing at its other end through ahole in said base, and spring means acting on said last mentioned endand placing said member under tension, said tension member causing saidblock to abut against said base.

22. In a forging machine, a perforated base, an anvil block restingthereupon, a tension member connected at one end to said block anddisposed with its axis perpendicular to the Work supporting face of saidblock at substantially the center thereof, and pass ing at its other endthrough a hole in said base, spring means acting on said last mentionedend and placing said member under tension, and means for adjusting thetension exerted by said spring.

In a forging machine, a tool, a movable die operated thereby, an anvildie disposed in alinement with the path of move ment of said other die,means for exerting a force on said first mentioned die for normallymaintaining the first mentioned die in a given position with respect tothe anvil die, and means including a pivotal member so I exerted by saidfirst mentioned means upon a said first mentioned die.

24. In a forging machine, a tool, a movable die operated thereby, ananvil die disposed inalinement with the path of movement of said otherdie, means for exerting a force on said first mentioned die for normallyn'iaint .ing the first mentioned die in a given position With respect tothe anvil die, and means including a member slidable for adjustmentwhereby the same may be held or released during cooperation of saidlatter means with said other means so thatthe force exerted by saidfirst mentioned means upon said first mentioned die will be varied.

25. In a forging machine, a tool, a movable die operated thereby, ananvil die disposed in the path of movement of said other die, means forexerting a force on said first mentioned die for normally maintainingthe first mentioned die in a given position with respect to theanvildie, means cooperating therewith for varying the force exerted by saidfirst mentioned means upon said first mentioned die, and a common memberadapted to have operative connection with both of said means.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

I FRANK A. HALLECK.

